Introduction to Engineering

Introduction to Engineering pdf file

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What does an engineer do?

What does an engineer do?

Engineers design, evaluate, develop, test, modify, install, inspect and maintain a wide variety of products and systems. They also recommend and specify materials and processes, supervise manufacturing and construction, conduct failure analysis, provide consulting services and teach engineering courses in colleges and universities.

The field of engineering is divided into a large number of specialty areas:

• Mechanical engineering involves design, manufacturing, inspection and maintenance of machinery, equipment and components as well as control systems and instruments for monitoring their status and performance. This includes vehicles, construction and farm machinery, industrial installations and a wide variety of tools and devices.

• Electrical engineering involves design, testing, manufacturing, construction, control, monitoring and inspection of electrical and electronic devices, machinery and systems. These systems vary in scale from microscopic circuits to national power generation and transmission systems.

• Civil engineering involves design, construction, maintenance and inspection of large infrastructure projects such as highways, railroads, bridges, tunnels, dams and airports.

• Aerospace engineering involves design, manufacturing and testing of aircraft and spacecraft as well as parts and components such as airframes, power plants, control and guidance systems, electrical and electronic systems, and communication and navigation systems.

• Nuclear engineering involves design, manufacturing, construction, operation and testing of equipment, systems and processes involving the production, control and detection of nuclear radiation. These systems include particle accelerators and nuclear reactors for electric power plants and ships, radioisotope production and research. Nuclear engineering also includes monitoring and protecting humans from the potentially harmful effects of radiation.

• Structural engineering involves design, construction and inspection of load-bearing structures such large commercial buildings, bridges and industrial infrastructure.

• Biomedical engineering is the practice of designing systems, equipment and devices for use in the practice of medicine. It also involves working closely with medical practitioners, including doctors, nurses, technicians, therapists and researchers, in order to determine, understand and meet their requirements for systems, equipment and devices.

• Chemical engineering is the practice of designing equipment, systems and processes for refining raw materials and for mixing, compounding and processing chemicals to make valuable products.

• Computer engineering is the practice of designing computer hardware components, computer systems, networks and computer software.

• Industrial engineering is the practice of designing and optimizing facilities, equipment, systems and processes for manufacturing, material processing, and any number of other work environments.

• Environmental engineering is the practice of preventing, reducing and eliminating sources of pollution that affect air, water and land. It also involves detecting and measuring pollution levels, determining sources of pollution, cleaning up and rehabilitating polluted sites and ensuring compliance with local, state and federal regulations. 

There is often considerable overlap among the different specialties. For this reason, engineers need to have a general understanding of several areas of engineering besides their specialty. For example, a civil engineer needs to understand concepts of structural engineering, an aerospace engineer needs to apply principles of mechanical engineering, and nuclear engineers need a working knowledge of electrical engineering.

Particularly, engineers require in-depth knowledge of mathematics, physics and computer applications such as simulations and computer-aided design. This is why most college programs include basic engineering courses in a wide range of topics before students choose to specialize in a particular area.

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About Engineers & Engineering

About Engineers & Engineering

What are the Common Skills Engineers Use?

Engineers are problem solvers, organisers, communicators, calculators and designers. These skills rely heavily on rational thinking and logical decision making, which is why most Engineers come from science and maths backgrounds. Yet despite this fact Engineering is a highly creative activity, especially when complicated problems are involved. The modern Engineer is also very software savvy and can use a range of different computing programs to assist in verifying designs and predicting how structures will behave in the environment.

What are the Common Fields of Engineering?

There are many branches and fields within the various Engineering disciplines which can be rather confusing. However, all Engineering degrees are based on one (or a combination)of the 4 major disciplines of Civil, Chemical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering.

Building a Tunnel: How Different Engineers Work Together

A Civil Engineer who specialises in structural design (Structural Engineer) would calculate the size of the tunnel, how it is to be constructed (all of the stages) and what it is made of (reinforced concrete, etc.). In order to provide clean air and remove as much of the vehicle emissions as possible, a Mechanical Engineer is employed to design the ventilation system.

The Mechanical Engineer would plan for the amount of emissions that need to removed and the process of removing them (for instance how many of a particular type of fan would be required and where they are to be installed. Don’t forget they also have to figure out where this air flows to. An Electrical Engineer will design the lighting as well as any control systems for hazard signs. In some cases, specialist disciplines such as Environmental Engineering are used to conduct an investigation into the sustainability and environmental effects of building such a tunnel.

Do Engineers Work as Individuals?

This answer is dependent on the specific project, job and even field that engineers work in. Generally, all Engineers work as part of a small or large team. A Chemical Engineer conducting research and development may spend the majority of their time working independently in a lab performing experiments and writing technical reports. On the other end of the spectrum, a Civil Engineer in the construction industry may spend the majority of their time on-site, working with foremen and tradesmen to develop buildings or infrastructure.

Is Engineering Boring and Repetitive?

It is inevitable in any job, really, to have to perform dull and mundane tasks. Engineers are required to check calculations (which are vital so nothing explodes or collapses!), read technical papers and write technical reports. The true value found in engineering is the ability to combine all tasks to create something greater (think 1 + 1 = 3).

Consider that many other professions such as accounting, teaching and even business studies all have their own mundane and repetitive tasks – it’s the ability to create something special like a two-hundred story skyscraper or a car that runs on the invisible force electricity that makes engineering stand out! Engineering provides you with the opportunity to contribute to society and leave a lasting impression on the world – follow in the footsteps of engineers like Thomas Edison whose inventions are still used today!

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What is Engineering ?

What is Engineering?

Engineering is the application of scientific knowledge to solving problems in the real world. While science (physics, chemistry, biology, etc.) allows us to gain an understanding of the World and the Universe, Engineering enables this understanding to come to life through problem solving, designing and building things. The electronic device you are using to read this article was engineered from raw plastic, metal, silicon and lines of software code before being transformed into a usable device. Pretty cool!

Engineers can be distinguished from other professions by their ability to solve complex problems and implement solutions in cost effective and practical ways. This ability to face a problem, work through various thoughts and abstract ideas and then translating them into reality is what is so exciting about engineering.

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